a limited source a primary source a secondary source a useless source a limited source a primary source a secondary source a useless source a source that another historian has worked on a source that he or she found in a library a source that someone gave him a source that comes directly from the past a laboratory a museum a bookshop a library things that people threw away things made by people who lived long ago things that people grew long ago things made by people who are alive today. the site the place the field the laboratory a brush a plough a trowel a sieve the shape of a field the shape of a house where there was a fire where people slept iron artefacts bronze artefacts stone artefacts wooden artefacts a laboratory a museum a book-shop a library the Ice Age the Mesolithic Age the Neolithic Age the Bronze Age farmers/fishermen farmers/smiths hunter/gatherers farmers/hunters 7000 BC 4000 BC 2000 BC 1000 BC the Mourne Mountains the Céide Fields Glendalough Dublin passage tomb court cairn portal tomb cist grave copper tin iron gold a rath a fulacht fia a cashel a crannóg 3rd century 4th century 5th century 6th century a way of farming a kind of writing a group in Celtic society a kind of warrior lunulae stone circle dolmen a round tower a flood a volcano a fire a tsunami a poor woman a soldier a rich man a slave people who volunteered for slavery children who were sold by their families people who were captured by the Roman army people who became slaves because of religion insula thermopla atrium villa the Coliseum the Pantheon the Forum the Via Sacra insula thermopla atrium villa centurions gladiators plebeians consuls a printed book a printed document a hand-written book a typed note MMX MXM MIX MXX March May July August 500 BC to 500 AD 800 AD to 1500 AD 1500 AD to 1800 AD 1800 AD to 2000 AD the dungeon the portcullis the ramparts the keep a mace a lance a pistol a sword the gates to the castle the place where the lord lived the bridge over the moat the walls around the castle a free peasant a priest an unfree peasant a man who owned a manor stained glass pointed arches spires domes a place where monks slept a place where monks wrote books a place where monks walked a place where monks ate meals an abbot a novice a librarian an almoner a group of merchants a group of priests a group of soldiers a group of farmers the time to open the gates the time to shut the gates the time to begin the market the time to put out the rubbish Rome Venice Florence Naples a poor man who taught artists a noble man who controlled a city a rich man who helped artists a monk who controlled a monastery Leonardo da Vinci Raphael Sanzio Filippo Brunelleschi Lorenzo de Medici paint a ceiling write poetry carve a statue design an aeroplane the Last Supper the Sistine Chapel ceiling the Pietà The dome of Florence cathedral an archaeologist an artist a printer an architect Dürer Gutenberg Shakespeare Leonardo da Vinci Raphael Sanzio Albrecht Dürer Leonardo da Vinci Giotto a language ordinary people spoke a language only educated people could speak a language that was not written down a language spoken by people outside Europe Shakespeare Gutenberg Galileo Machiavelli 1000 AD and 1400 AD 1400 AD and 1750 AD 1600 AD and 1850 AD 1700 AD and 2500 AD to find a new trade route to the east to explore and conquer new lands to teach people to speak Spanish to spread Christianity a clinker a portolan a trawler a caravel a kind of spice that traders brought back from the east a map used by explorers an instrument explorers used to measure the height of the sun a ship European sailors used to explore the seas Portuguese Spanish Italian French Columbus Magellan Vasco da Gama Cortes Portugal Spain England France America existed The Aztecs ruled Mexico The spice islands were in Asia The world was round Spain and France Spain and England Spain and Portugal Portugal and France potatoes rice tomatoes chocolate holding several Church jobs at the same time giving jobs in the Church to one's relatives not living in the place where one held a Church job selling jobs in the Church Bavaria Hamburg Brandenburg Saxony Erasmus John Tetzel Zwingli Calvin King Henry VIII Pope Leo X Emperor Charles V King Francis I television radio printing word of mouth Luther and Calvin Luther and Zwingli Calvin and Zwingli Knox and Calvin the Church of England the Church of Britain the Church of Scotland the Church of America Erasmus Loyola Francis Xavier Calvin the Catholic Church the Lutheran Church the Calvinist Church the Presbyterian Church persecute Protestants encourage Catholics encourage Protestants persecute Catholics the king of Ireland the king of England the king of Scotland the king of Britain O'Neill of Tyrone FitzGerald of Desmond O'Connor of Offaly McCarthy Mór Common Law Cannon Law Roman Law Brehon Law Munster Ulster Laois and Offaly Connacht the Desmond rebellion the Nine Years war the Munster war the FitzGerald rebellion the flight of the Earls the victory of the Earls the defeat of the Earls the success of the Earls Queen Mary Queen Elizabeth King James King Charles a man who promised to bury the dead a man who had served the King before the Plantation an Irishman who had been loyal to the English a man who promised to bring English or Scottish settlers to Ireland the Catholic church the Anglican church the Presbyterian church the Methodist church Henry VIII Elizabeth I Charles I Cromwell Communism Fascism Dictatorship Democracy a public entertainment a protest against tax an anti-war protest a political party New York Massachusetts Georgia Virginia George Washington Thomas Jefferson Thomas Paine Benjamin Franklin Concord Valley Forge Yorktown Boston king prince ambassador president a republic an absolute monarchy a limited monarchy a dictatorship the Republicans the Terrorists the Democrats the Jacobins hanged shot guillotined poisoned members of the Catholic Church members of the Church of Ireland members of the Presbyterian Church members of the Methodist Church the Popish Laws the Peculiar Laws the Penal Laws the Perpetual Laws Wolfe Tone Edward FitzGerald Thomas Russell Robert Emmet America France Britain Germany Antrim Mayo Kildare Wexford became stronger ended the Penal Laws was united with the British parliament declared an Irish republic the United States Britain France Germany giving farmers their own farms putting fences around the common land getting farmers to sow new crops taking land from labourers and giving it to farmers railways motor cars roads coaches James Brindley George Stephenson John McAdam Richard Trevithick 5 hours 8 hours 10 hours 12 hours made it easier to open factories limited the time people could work in factories limited where factories could be set up limited the number of people who could work in factories porridge stew potatoes soup the work house the priest's house the manor house the landlord's house 250,000 500,000 750,000 1,000,000 250,000 500,000 750,000 1,000,000 Irish workers to have more rights Ireland to stay in the United Kingdom Ireland to become a republic Irish women to be able to vote Irish workers to have more rights Ireland to stay in the United Kingdom Ireland to become a republic Irish women to be able to vote Leinster House the GPO Trinity College Boland's Mills Eamon de Valera Arthur Griffith W. T. Cosgrave Michael Collins the Sinn Féin Party the Fianna Fáil party the Cumann na nGaedheal party the Labour Party Edward Carson James Craig Terence O'Neill Lord Brookborough remained neutral fought on the side of Britain fought on the side of Germany fought on the side of the United States Jack Lynch Seán Lemass Charles Haughey Seán T. O'Kelly James Craig Lord Brookborough Terence O'Neill Brian Faulkner Margaret Thatcher John Major Tony Blair George Brown Factories Offices Farming Shops rural electrification better education for women better prices for food better access to water 30 per cent 40 per cent 50 per cent 60 per cent 1900 - 1920 1920 - 1940 1940 - 1960 1960 - 1980 1900 - 1920 1930 - 1960 1960 - 1990 1990 - 2010 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1939 1959 1979 1999 1918 1922 1927 1932 the 1930s the 1940s the 1950s the 1960s the 1970s the 1980s the 1990s the 2000s Austria Italy Germany Russia the European Union the League of Nations the United Nations The Union of Countries a democratic republic a communist dictatorship a military dictatorship a fascist dictatorship Russia France Germany Italy the trade unions the political parties the Jews the Catholics admiration appeasement opposition resistance Poland Czechoslovakia Austria France operation Sealion operation Barbarossa operation Market Garden operation Overlord Diamond Beach Golden Strand Silver Bay Pearl Harbour May 1945 June 1945 July 1945 August 1945